[41] Mullen 2010, 135.
Bay Ismoyo/AFP/Getty Images
[42] Christopher Shays and Michael Thibault, “Reducing Waste in Wartime Contracts,” Washington Post, August 28, 2011, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/reducing-waste-in-wartime-contracts/2011/08/26/gIQAyqQhlJ_story.html?wpisrc=emailtoafriend (accessed Oct. 8, 2012). Tom A. Peter, “What Happens When Troops—and Money—Leave Afghanistan?” Christian Science Monitor, February 7, 2012, http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-South-Central/2012/0207/What-happens-when-troops-and-money-leave-Afghanistan (accessed Oct. 8, 2012).
[43] Amb. John Huntsman, “Media Reaction: Presidential Afghanistan Speech,” Unclassified Memo, US Dept. of State, Beijing Embassy, December 3, 2009, http://wikileaks.org/cable/2009/12/09BEIJING3234.html (accessed March 21, 2012).
[44] BBC News, “War of Billions: How Has Afghanistan Changed?”
[45] Ibid.
[46] Ahmed Rashid, Descent into Chaos: The U.S. and the Disaster in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia (New York: Penguin, 2008), 74.
[47] Ibid., 133.
[48] Ibid., 134.
[49] Kathy Gannon, “Afghanistan Unbound,” Foreign Affairs 83, no. 3 (May/June 2004): 41.
[50] Nasreen Ghufran, “Afghanistan in 2006: The Complications of Post-Conflict Transition,” Asian Survey 47, no. 1 (January/February 2007): 95.
[51] BBC News, “War of Billions: How Has Afghanistan Changed?”
[52] International Crisis Group, “Aid and Conflict in Afghanistan.”
[53] Shayeq Qassem, “Afghanistan: Imperatives of Stability Misperceived,” Iranian Studies 42, no. 2 (April 2009): 271.
[54] “Sweden on Afghanistan Policy Review,” US Dept. of State. “Poland’s Aid to Afghanistan,” Confidential Memo, US Dept. of State, April 17, 2009, http://wikileaks.org/cable/2009/04/09WARSAW420.html (accessed March 19, 2012).
[55] Stewart 2011.
[56] Ibid.
[57] Amb. Karl W. Eikenberry, “Welcome to Afghanistan,” Secret Memo, US Dept. of State, Kabul Embassy, November 16, 2009, http://wikileaks.org/cable/2009/11/09KABUL3677.html (accessed March 20, 2012). George Arney, “Are Afghanistan’s Aid Millions Well Spent?” BBC News, April 13, 2008, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7340796.stm (accessed Oct. 8, 2012).
[58] Eikenberry, “Welcome to Afghanistan.”
[59] Rashid 2008, lvi.
[60] Aunohita Mojumdar, “Extracting Change in Afghanistan’s Development Quagmire,” Eurasianet.org, July 29, 2010, http://www.eurasianet.org/node/61636 (accessed Oct. 8, 2012).
[61] Ibid.
[62] Edward Girardet, “Afghanistan Field Guide: Don’t Wear Sunglasses and Eight Other Essential Tips,” Christian Science Monitor, undated, http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/Opinion/2011/1205/Afghanistan-Field-Guide-Don-t-wear-sunglasses-and-eight-other-essential-tips/Be-met-at-the-airport (accessed Oct. 8, 2012).
[63] Mojumdar 2010.
[64] Arney 2008.
[65] Ishaq Nadiri et al., “Afghanistan National Development Strategy 1387-1391 (2008-2013): A Strategy for Security, Governance, Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction,” Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Afghanistan National Development Strategy Oversight Committee (Kabul, Afghanistan, 2008), 157.
[66] Ibid., 161.
[67] Qassem 2009, 271.
[68] Joseph A. Christoff et al., “Provincial Reconstructions Teams in Afghanistan and Iraq,” Congressional Committee Report, US GAO, Office of International Affairs and Trade, October 1, 2008, http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d0986r.pdf (accessed Oct. 8, 2012).
[69] Ibid. These numbers have increased recently; however, the US has not released updated statistics.
[70] Steele 2010.
[71] Ibid.
[72] Dep. Amb. Francis Ricciardone, “Operation Moshtarak Moving to Governance Phase,” Secret Memo, US Dept. of State, Kabul Embassy, February 25, 2010, http://wikileaks.org/cable/2010/02/10KABUL695.html# (accessed March 21, 2012).
[73] Nadiri 2008, 161.
[74] International Crisis Group, “Aid and Conflict in Afghanistan.”
[75] Joshua Frost, “Actually Karzai Is Right About PRTs,” Foreign Policy, February 8, 2011, http://afpak.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/02/08/actually_karzai_is_right_about_prts (accessed Oct. 8, 2012).
[76] Christoff et al. 2008.
[77] Amb. Karl W. Eikenberry, “A Window into Afghanistan’s North,” Unclassified Memo, US Dept. of State, Kabul Embassy, October 17, 2009, http://wikileaks.org/cable/2009/10/09KABUL3305.html (accessed March 19, 2012).
[78] International Crisis Group, “Aid and Conflict in Afghanistan.”
[79] Ibid.
[80] Frost 2011.
[81] Bilal Sarwary, “Why Taliban Are So Strong in Afghanistan,” BBC News, February 2, 2012, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16851949 (accessed Oct. 8, 2012).
[82] Jonathan Goodhand, “Corruption or Consolidating the Peace? The Drugs Economy and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding in Afghanistan,” International Peacekeeping 15, no. 3 (June 2008): 411.
